2 Europe navigation satellites in the wrong orbits

[Buster's Uncle]

Two Galileo satellites lose their way
AFP
5 hours ago



A Russian-built Soyuz takes off from Europe's Kourou space centre, in French Guiana on August 22, 2014 (AFP Photo/P BAUDON)



Paris (AFP) - Two European Galileo satellites fired into space by a Russian-built rocket on Friday from French Guiana failed to reach their intended orbit, launch firm Arianespace said Saturday.

"Observations taken after the separation of the satellites from the Soyuz VS09 (rocket) for the Galileo Mission show a gap between the orbit achieved and that which was planned," the company said in a statement.

"They have been placed on a lower orbit than expected. The teams of industries and agencies involved in the early operations of the satellites are investigating the potential implications on the mission," it added.

Arianespace declined to comment on whether their trajectories can be corrected.

The 5.4 billion euro ($7.2 billion) Galileo constellation is designed as an alternative to the existing US Global Positioning System (GPS) and Russia's Glonass, and will have search-and-rescue capabilities.

The satellites Doresa and Milena took off from the Kourou space centre in French Guiana at 1227 GMT Friday after a 24-hour delay because of poor weather.

Minutes later the rocket shed its four boosters and faring -- the nose cone that protects the craft in the early stages of flight.

The satellites separated from the mothership to enter into free-flight orbit as planned just under four hours after launch.

"These two satellites are the first of a new type of satellite that are fully owned by the EU, a step towards a fully fledged European-owned satellite navigation system," the European Commission, which funds the project, said Friday.


- 'Technical difficulties' -

Four Galileo satellites have been launched previously -- one pair in October 2011 and another a year later.

They are the nucleus of the constellation orbiting Earth at an altitude of 23,500 kilometres (14,600 miles), and will later be brought to full operational capability.

The launch of the latest pair, named by two European schoolchildren who had won a drawing competition, had been delayed for over a year due to what the European Space Agency (ESA) described as "technical difficulties in the setting up of the production line and test tools".

Launch firm Arianespace said Thursday it had signed a deal with the ESA to launch 12 more satellites "from 2015 onwards".

In March last year, the agency announced the first four test satellites had passed a milestone by pinpointing their first ground location, with an accuracy of between 10 and 15 metres (32 to 49 feet).

For its ninth liftoff from Guiana Friday, the Soyuz rocket carried a total load of 1.6 tonnes, including the two satellites weighing 730 kilos (1,600 pounds) each.

"We are extremely proud to have sent the first two operational satellites in the Galileo constellation into orbit today," Arianespace chairman Stephane Israel said in a Friday statement.


- High precision -

Two new satellites will be launched at the end of 2014, when initial Galileo services were expected to begin. It is unclear whether Saturday's orbit "anomaly" will affect this schedule.

The Galileo constellation is scheduled to have 24 operational satellites by 2017, with six backups to join the fleet at a later date.

Operating at a higher altitude than GPS, Galileo's satellites have a stronger signal and higher inclination angle, providing better ground visibility, particularly in built-up areas.

They are also equipped with the most accurate atomic clocks ever used in navigation, with a precision of one second in three million years.

Ultra-precise time measurement is crucial in satellite navigation, as calculations are based on the length of time it takes a signal to reach ground stations. An error of just one billionth of a second can lead to a positioning deviation of several dozen centimetres back on Earth.


http://news.yahoo.com/two-galileo-satellites-lose-way-111920469.html

[Buster's Uncle]

2 Europe navigation satellites in the wrong orbits
Associated Press
38 minutes ago



PARIS (AP) — European space officials say they're investigating whether the inaccurate deployment of two satellites will complicate their efforts to develop a new Galileo satellite navigation system that would rival America's GPS network.

The European Space Agency and launch company Arianespace say the satellites ended up in off-target orbits after being launched Friday from Kourou, French Guiana, aboard a Soyuz rocket.

Saturday's agency statement did not explain whether their orbital paths could be corrected. Arianespace said the satellites settled into a lower, elliptical orbit instead of the circular one intended, and initial analyses suggested the mishap occurred during the flight phase and involved the Fregat upper stage of Soyuz.

"Our aim is of course to fully understand this anomaly," Stephane Israel, Arianespace chairman and CEO, said in a statement. "While it is too early to determine the exact causes, we would like to offer our sincere excuses to ESA and the European Commission for this orbital injection that did not meet expectations."

Israel said Arianespace along with customer ESA and the Commission will create an independent panel to investigate what caused the inaccurate deployment and to develop corrective actions so Soyuz launches can resume.

The European Union hopes to have its 30-satellite Galileo navigation network operating fully by 2020. The Prague-based program oversaw the launch of its first two satellites in 2011, two more in 2012, and two more Friday.

Jean-Yves Le Gall, president of the French space agency CNES, said the investigation still needed to determine precisely how far off course the satellites were. He said European Space Agency experts in Toulouse, France, and Darmstadt, Germany, were calculating whether small motors inside the satellites would be strong enough to push them into the correct orbit.

Le Gall told The Associated Press in a telephone interview that the investigation would take "several days to understand what has happened. And then we'll see about the possible consequences on the launch calendar," he said, referring to plans to launch more satellites in coming months.

He called the Galileo navigation network "a very complex program, and even if we have some failures, that's unfortunately part of the life of operations."

If the two satellites cannot be pushed to the correct altitude above the earth, he said, subsequent satellites launched would have to take up the slack.

The program has faced other delays and operational hiccups. European Space Agency officials said Wednesday they had to reduce the strength of another Galileo satellite's signal because of unspecified problems.

The European agency says it hopes Galileo will provide greater precision for satellite navigation systems than the GPS system already used worldwide to pinpoint locations and plot routes.


http://news.yahoo.com/2-european-sat-nav-satellites-124856473.html